托福独立写作如何得高分

掌握4个备考步骤让你的托福独立写作得高分

第一步：审题

第二步：确立文章结构

well-organized, well-developed, exemplification, details, explanation, example;

well- organized(文章整体结构+ 段落内结构); (指的是文章要有很好的结构组织性;针对这一点希望同学们在实际写作的过程中注意两点，第一点文章整体的结构性，具体表现为：需要开头段表明文章观点，中间段表明论点以及结尾段重述观点以及总结论点。第二点，段落内结构组织性：要求有论点以及对应的例子来进行支撑。

针对 well-developed 这一点， 小编个人这么多年对于写作的理解，是认为： well-developed 这点针对well-organized这一点标准进行进一步的深化(论点支撑文章观点+ 段落内论证部分需要围绕论点进行逐层展开);

explanation(对于论点进行解释说明，体现出考生短时间内论证能力)

对于example来说， 理解起来就很简单了，就是字面意义上的例子的意思(同时也是一个中间段的核心部分，用来论证论点)

对于detail来说，从字面意义来理解也不难，指的是细节(例子的核心，它能够决定例子是否能够扣题以及例子是否具有很强的论证效果)

这里，提醒大家要记住：细节决定成败-拒绝写流水账。如果未来再有机会的话，希望同学们能够来到我的课堂，具体来看下例子到底如何展开，今天因为时间关系，我就不做多讲了。在后面讲解写的文章的时候，会带大家来看看例子是怎么去构造的。

要求文章整体结构：开头段+中间段+结尾段/另外中间段部分必须围绕观点展开/ 中间段中每个句子要围绕论点展开。

Progression：连续性，那么其一指的是：文章主体段中需要大量使用连接词(transitional words)or连接性的短句(transitional sentences)来串联，体现文章在论证过程中的层次性/其二指的是：文章主体段中需要体现出内在逻辑的递进性，具体表现为：论点有一定的抽象性，然后用例证的方法(exemplification)将抽象的论点用具体的例子具体化。

在这里，举个例子，大家看看哪一个更好：

论点1：食品广告是很误导人的。

论点2：肯德基的广告一般做的非常诱惑人，吸引青少年去买一些汉堡包和炸土豆条。

写出英文的话就是：

The food advertisement is misleading.

The advertisement of KFC will be designed to be much more alluring, winning the youths’ favor to purchase hamburgers and french fries.

这时候有的同学可能会觉得第二个更好，因为至少看起来字数会更多。但实际上确实第一种更好。你会发现当选择第二种论点的时候，接下来的段落展开只能够围绕着肯德基去展开了，你会发现对于肯德基你只知道有限的几种食品。 而如果选择第一种的话，在具体进行论证的时候我们就会有很多种选择了，例如可以选择肯德基，麦当劳，汉堡王等等。而且这样的展开过程也能够体现出逻辑的层次性，由总到分。

第四步：注意文章的连贯性

Sample. Agree or disagree: it is often not good to move to a new city or a new country because you will lose touch with old friends.

1.审题：浏览题干，判断题型-题干中含有因果关系，找因果的漏洞; 根据题型，决定思路-因：搬到新城市失去老朋友，原因不成立; 果：搬到新城市不好， 结果不成立， 因此选择不同意的思路展开;论点设置：一个反驳原因，一个反驳结果

审完题后，快速卸除文章结构：开头段+论点1+论点2+ 让步段+结尾段

As the technology of public transportation keeps advancing, more citizens can choose to dwell in the cities that are beneficial to their own development. Inevitably, then occurs a controversy whether moving to a new city or country will lead to the rupture of relationship among friends. From my perspective,I think the statement is not sensible.

Firstly, moving to a new country or city will not result in the loss of old friends.

Moreover, instead of losing old friends, city migrants can even enlarge their social circles and achieve more success.

Admittedly, it can be understandable that friends can be estranged as a consequence of the long distance.Specifically speaking, the chances to meet with each other will be limited a lot. However, for one thing, people can talk with each other through various social network software. For another thing, the distance between cities is not a problem anymore since there have been many public transportation tools like the high-speed trains and airplanes that will lead us to anyplace we try to go in a very short period.

In a word, moving to a new city or a new country is good choice under some circumstance. Besides, the highly developed technology can help to strengthen the relations with our friends and the possibilities of living a different life and achieving success can both explain why I stand by the statement that it is a good thing to move to a new city.

文章结构完成后，将论点展开成中间段，遵循步骤：论点+解释+例子(细节)+结论

Firstly, moving to a new country or city will not result in the loss of old friends. To be more specific, the maintenance of friendship doesn’t lie in how far they live with each other and the development of technology has diversified the ways of interacting with friends. The invention of cellphones shatters the shackles caused by distance and overseas students can choose to communicate with their family members and friends through a variety of Apps like WeChat that makes video calls possible. Except for that, by looking at the pictures popping up all over the social media like Facebook, people can easily capture what is happening to their friends. For instance, my friend Selina took selfie in the Sydney Opera House a week ago and I would learn that she was having fun in the Australia with her picture posted on the Instagram. Therefore, a wide range of advanced electronic gadgets can be used to sustain friendship.

Moreover, instead of losing old friends, city migrants can even enlarge their social circles and achieve more success. Restricted in a city for a long period, people may be trapped in a situation that would block their development and they can gain refreshing experience while immigrating to a new city. A friend of Mine named Michael served as a Market Analyst in a renewed company in Beijing. However, he couldn’t see any progress in recent years and then an opportunity comes out. Because of his five-year working experience, a foreign trade cooperation tried to recruit him as the Market Analyst because the firm was planning to start a new program. Then he grasped the chance and earns a challenging life that he likes even though he was required to work in Shanghai. Our relationship has not experienced any interruption and his strong ability of being adapted to the new environment helps him to make lots of new friends. Accordingly, moving to a new city can, occasionally, help to break the deadlock in our professions.